How much does customs duty cost when importing bill of lading vs sea waybill?

Customs duty for bill of lading vs sea waybill depends on the HS Code classification. USA: MFN duty rate (0-25% based on product) + Section 301 China tariffs (7.5-25%) if from China. EU: MFN rate (0-17%) or GSP+ rate (0% for many Pakistani products). Australia: 0-5% for most goods. Canada: 0-18% under MFN. To calculate: 1) Find your HS Code (first 6 digits are universal), 2) Check duty rate in destination country's tariff schedule, 3) Duties are calculated on CIF value (Cost + Insurance + Freight). Example: $10,000 CIF value with 5% duty = $500 duty. VAT/GST is added on top of (CIF + Duty). USA state sales tax applies after customs clearance. Use CBP's tariff search or EU TARIC database for exact rates.